A new study has found that Aboriginal mothers are over-represented in New South Wales prisons and face unique challenges that could be passed down to their children.

The paper said Aboriginal mothers in NSW were characterised by significantly high levels of self-reported distress, poor mental health status and high levels of mental health diagnoses.

Researchers, however, also found factors unique to the female Aboriginal cohort that include cultural and family dislocation in the centuries following Australia's colonisation, reinforcing the link between the stolen generations and imprisonment.