Amazon's former chief scientist, Dr Andreas Weigend, says cities that collect data from citizens must be aware of unintended bias or risk missing obvious problems.
Dr Weigend says people in poorer economic areas may not drive, and may not see potholes as a problem, or they may not be connected online and may not report them, meaning the issue is not addressed.
Dr Weigend also says citizens should be transparent about how they use private data, and that citizens should be able to see their own data within that organisation.