The pandemic resulted from multiple preventable failures, according to an independent panel reviewing the global response to COVID-19.
The Independent Panel for Pandemic Preparedness and Response also warned another global pandemic may happen unless urgent and vital steps are taken.
Panel co-chairs Helen Clark and Ellen Johnson say the COVID-19 pandemic could have been prevented.
"[The pandemic] is due to a myriad of failures, gaps and delays in preparedness and response," said Ellen Johnson.
The panel's findings will be debated by health ministers at the WHO global assembly later this month.